pip

pip

安装

通过 get-pip.py 安装

下载 get-pip.py

wget https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py

运行命令

python get-pip.py
python3 get-pip.py # 没有python命令,有其他版本的话使用该版本运行

root@ubuntu-linux:~/src# pip -V
pip 9.0.1 from /usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages (python 3.5)

升级

Linux or macOS:

pip install -U pip

Windows:

python -m pip install -U pip

快速开始

先决条件: 安装 pip

从PyPI安装

$ pip install SomePackage
  [...]
  Successfully installed SomePackage

指定文件安装

$ pip install SomePackage-1.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl
  [...]
  Successfully installed SomePackage

指定版本安装

pip install django==1.9

查看安装的文件

pip show --files SomePackage

示例
# xlrd (1.0.0) - Latest: 1.1.0 [wheel]
# xlwt (1.2.0) - Latest: 1.3.0 [wheel]

查看所有包版本, 当前版本, 最新版本

pip list --outdated

升级包:

$ pip install --upgrade SomePackage
  [...]
  Found existing installation: SomePackage 1.0
  Uninstalling SomePackage:
    Successfully uninstalled SomePackage
  Running setup.py install for SomePackage
  Successfully installed SomePackage

卸载包

$ pip uninstall SomePackage
  Uninstalling SomePackage:
    /my/env/lib/pythonx.x/site-packages/somepackage
  Proceed (y/n)? y

pip使用过程中遇到的问题

MacOS OSError: [Errno 1] Operation not permitted

原因是Mac的内核保护,默认会锁定/system,/sbin,/usr目录

解决(不一定有用,没用可以关掉保护,百度…)

pip install --upgrade pip

sudo pip install numpy --upgrade --ignore-installed
sudo pip install scipy --upgrade --ignore-installed
sudo pip install scikit-learn --upgrade --ignore-installed